Gravity category: 273 books

Until the statement of the small scale uncertainty principle by Heisenberg in 1927, modern physics held to the idea of a classical determinism, and the rejection of such determinism became a cause for dissent between Einstein (as a believer in a classical determinism) and Bohr and the other supporters...

. Einstein's theory of special relativity did two things. First, it adopted the Lorentz transformation (LT) which preserves the velocity of light and Maxwell's equations in all systems and, second, it required that all the laws of physics should be examined as to their transformation properties...

The problem of explaining the precession of the perihelion for planet Mercury has not been solved by any theory, Sommerfeld’s, Newton’s, or Einstein’s. Sommerfeld’s analysis of atomic orbits, so successful in explaining atomic orbits, fails when applied to planetary orbits. Nevertheless, if...

The discovery and attempts to find classical causes for the precession of the perihelion of the planet Mercury are well known.[ref_1] In the 19th century, the French astronomer Le Verrier found that the perihelion of Mercury advanced by 43 arc- seconds/100y, an amount which could not be accounted...

This second part provides a nonlinear extension to Hubble's Linear Law, describes the relativistic cosmic forces of expansion and gravitation, and the effect of mass shielding by the negative field of galactic and cosmic mass. It discusses the cosmic forces of expansion and slowdown as they apply...

Einstein’s General Relativity is hard to reconcile with the rest of physics, and even within its own structure has weaknesses. Its heavy mathematical structure seems utterly incompatible with Quantum Mechanics and is at best tenuous with Special Relativity and Newton's Theory of Gravitation. Different...

Is the universe and cosmos mostly designed out of diversity or unity? Clearly, the universe is made up of similar galaxies and dissimilar radiation. But is it a single universe composed of many objects or is it just many objects having different properties? Since we cannot observe the universe, what...

This third part speculates about the sources for the observed red shifts and microwave background, and concludes that receding galaxies are sources for the observed red shifts and the extra galactic radiation is the source for the microwave background. It formulates the forces acting on cosmic photons...

Observation shows that all of the planets orbit the Sun in the same direction (counterclockwise as seen from above the north pole of Earth); that just about all of the planets spin in the same direction they orbit (the exceptions are Venus, Uranus, and Pluto), and this is in the same direction in...

Comparing observation and the Big Bang theory, observation tells us that the early universe, over a period of about 3.3 bly, consisted of radiation which later evolved into the galactic system we observe today. The Big Bang theory tells us that the early universe began about 15 bly ago as an initial...

This fourth part compares the present theory with mainline and Einstein's theory and gives a summary of the present theory. I discuss the mainline and Einstein's theories, instantaneous and retarded action theories, Brillouin's field mass theory and the present theory in two parts, the non-linear...

The present theory in five parts is based on Newton's theory and special relativity. Each part of the work is presented as a separate web page. This first part of the work describes the cosmic force of gravitation, in terms of classical gravistatics, analogous to electrostatics, describes the action...

This fifth part of a series provides a Distance vs Speed Table for purpose of illustrating the various types of universes I discuss in the first four Parts 1-4, and a Validity of Theories section in which I conclude that apparent galactic distances and speeds are much lower than actual distances and...

An alternative theory of the universe as a finite sphere based on actual observations of Galactic redshifts and the cosmic microwave background. Mainline cosmological theories fail to explain Hubble’s linear law best explained by a thermodynamic universe.Efforts to prove an expanding universe by...