Nerve-Muscle Interaction

Kids, Natural World, Nonfiction, Reference & Language, Education & Teaching, Science & Nature, Science
Cover of the book Nerve-Muscle Interaction by Gerta Vrbova, Springer Netherlands
View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart
Author: Gerta Vrbova ISBN: 9789401095419
Publisher: Springer Netherlands Publication: December 6, 2012
Imprint: Springer Language: English
Author: Gerta Vrbova
ISBN: 9789401095419
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Publication: December 6, 2012
Imprint: Springer
Language: English

In the second century, Galen recognized that nerve and muscle were functionally inseparable since contraction of muscle occurred only if the nerves supplying that muscle were intact. He therefore concluded that the shortening of a muscle was controlled by the central nervous sytem while the extension of a muscle could occur in the absence of innervation. Nerves, he thought, were the means of transport for animal spirits to the muscles; the way in which animal spirits may bring about contraction dominated the study of muscle physiology from that time until the historical discovery of Galvani that muscle could be stimulated electrically and that nerve and muscle were themselves a source of electrical energy. It is now well known that nerves conduct electrically and that transmission from nerve to striated muscle is mediated by the chemical which is liberated from nerve terminals onto the muscle membrane. In vertebrates this chemical is acetylcholine (ACh). Thus the concept of spirits that are released from nerves and control muscle contraction directly, is no longer tenable. Nevertheless the concept of 'substances' transported down nerv~s which directly control many aspects of muscle has not been abandoned, and has in fact been frequently reinvoked to account for the long-term regula­ tion of many characteristics of muscle (see review by Gutmann, 1976) and for the maintenance of its structural integrity.

View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart

In the second century, Galen recognized that nerve and muscle were functionally inseparable since contraction of muscle occurred only if the nerves supplying that muscle were intact. He therefore concluded that the shortening of a muscle was controlled by the central nervous sytem while the extension of a muscle could occur in the absence of innervation. Nerves, he thought, were the means of transport for animal spirits to the muscles; the way in which animal spirits may bring about contraction dominated the study of muscle physiology from that time until the historical discovery of Galvani that muscle could be stimulated electrically and that nerve and muscle were themselves a source of electrical energy. It is now well known that nerves conduct electrically and that transmission from nerve to striated muscle is mediated by the chemical which is liberated from nerve terminals onto the muscle membrane. In vertebrates this chemical is acetylcholine (ACh). Thus the concept of spirits that are released from nerves and control muscle contraction directly, is no longer tenable. Nevertheless the concept of 'substances' transported down nerv~s which directly control many aspects of muscle has not been abandoned, and has in fact been frequently reinvoked to account for the long-term regula­ tion of many characteristics of muscle (see review by Gutmann, 1976) and for the maintenance of its structural integrity.

More books from Springer Netherlands

Cover of the book Global Change and Baltic Coastal Zones by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Eicosanoids and the Gastrointestinal Tract by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Democracy, Religious Pluralism and the Liberal Dilemma of Accommodation by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book The Principle of Proportionality by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Satellite Remote Sensing for Resources Development by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Practical Aspects of Urinary Incontinence by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Side Bias: A Neuropsychological Perspective by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Flow and Combustion in Advanced Gas Turbine Combustors by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Translation and Its Regulation in Cancer Biology and Medicine by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Molecular Genetics in Fisheries by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Drought Management on Farmland by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book "Becoming" a Professional by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Engineered Coasts by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Medicine and Society, New Perspectives in Continental Philosophy by Gerta Vrbova
Cover of the book Sowing Seeds in the City by Gerta Vrbova
We use our own "cookies" and third party cookies to improve services and to see statistical information. By using this website, you agree to our Privacy Policy