Phases of Violent Extremism: Targeting the Evolution of Al-Shabaab - Terrorism in Somalia and the Horn of Africa, Islamic Extremism, Kidnap for Ransom, Non-State Actors, Deterrence and Culture

Nonfiction, Social & Cultural Studies, Political Science
Cover of the book Phases of Violent Extremism: Targeting the Evolution of Al-Shabaab - Terrorism in Somalia and the Horn of Africa, Islamic Extremism, Kidnap for Ransom, Non-State Actors, Deterrence and Culture by Progressive Management, Progressive Management
View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart
Author: Progressive Management ISBN: 9781370548026
Publisher: Progressive Management Publication: November 22, 2016
Imprint: Smashwords Edition Language: English
Author: Progressive Management
ISBN: 9781370548026
Publisher: Progressive Management
Publication: November 22, 2016
Imprint: Smashwords Edition
Language: English

This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The events of September 11, 2001, and the reactions that followed sparked a surge in international terrorist organizations, resulting in increased threat to U.S. national security. Although military operations have had some short-term successes against violent, extremist organizations (VEOs), they are an insufficient long-term counter-extremism strategy. It is apparent that a new approach and new way of analysis are necessary. We examine the problem by focusing on Al-Shabaab, a VEO in Somalia, with attention to its stages of development. Using unclassified sources, we apply three theoretical frameworks to determine whether deterrence might be effective as a countervailing strategy at each stage. For Phase One, beginning before the organization's establishment, we look at historical and cultural context. Phase Two analyzes formation and growth from the perspective of social-movement theory, and Phase Three employs a structural perspective, using organizational-design theory, to the VEO in its mature form. Conclusions are drawn, based on deterrence theory, for each stage in the VEO's evolution. This research provides a foundation by which policy and strategy makers may gain insight into the seams, gaps, strengths, and weakness of VEOs as they change over time, and where deterrent strategies may be applied to advantage.

CHAPTER I - THE EVOLUTION OF A VIOLENT, EXTREMIST ORGANIZATION * A. THE RATIONALE FOR A NEW APPROACH * B. A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR DETERRENCE * C. METHODOLOGY * D. ORGANIZATION * CHAPTER II - THE EVOLUTIONARY GROWTH-PROCESS MODEL * A. DETERRENCE THEORY * 1. The Question of Deterring VEOs * 2. The Three Pillars of Action * a. Rational Self-interest * b. Motivation * c. Communication * 3. The Two Categories of Deterrence * a. Deterrence by Punishment * b. Deterrence by Denial * 4. Compellence and Coercive Diplomacy * B. THE LOGIC OF DETERRENCE UNDERSTOOD AT EACH PHASE * 1. Phase One: Culture and Context * 2. Phase Two: Social-Movement Theory * a. Definitions * b. The Political-Process Model * 3. Phase Three: Organizational-Design Theory * a. Organizational Design * b. The Open-Systems Model * c. Organizational Structure * CHAPTER III - SOMALIA: CULTURE AND CONTEXT * A. CULTURE * 1. Kinship * 2. Pastoral Nomadism * 3. Islam and Ancestral Pride * 4. Hostility Toward External Influences * 5. A Global Network * 6. Opportunism * B. SOMALI HISTORY * 1. Early History * 2. Middle History * 3. Late History * 4. Al-Shabaab * CHAPTER IV - PHASE ONE: CONTEXT APPLICATION * A. DETERRENCE * 1. Problems in Phase-One Deterrence * 2. Costs and Benefits * CHAPTER V - PHASE TWO: SOCIAL MOVEMENT THEORY APPLICATION * A. TYPES OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL MOVEMENTS * B. SOMALIA ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS * C. SOCIAL-MOVEMENT THEORY * 1. Broad Socioeconomic Processes * 2. Political Opportunity * 3. Indigenous Organizational Strength * a. Membership * b. Communication-Network infrastructure * c. Incentives * d. Leadership * 4. Cognitive Liberation * D. DETERRENCE * CHAPTER VI - PHASE THREE: ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN APPLICATION * A. OPEN SYSTEMS * B. STRUCTURE * C. DETERRENCE * 1. Macro-Level Strategies * 2. Micro-Level Strategies * CHAPTER VII - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS * LIST OF REFERENCE

View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart

This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The events of September 11, 2001, and the reactions that followed sparked a surge in international terrorist organizations, resulting in increased threat to U.S. national security. Although military operations have had some short-term successes against violent, extremist organizations (VEOs), they are an insufficient long-term counter-extremism strategy. It is apparent that a new approach and new way of analysis are necessary. We examine the problem by focusing on Al-Shabaab, a VEO in Somalia, with attention to its stages of development. Using unclassified sources, we apply three theoretical frameworks to determine whether deterrence might be effective as a countervailing strategy at each stage. For Phase One, beginning before the organization's establishment, we look at historical and cultural context. Phase Two analyzes formation and growth from the perspective of social-movement theory, and Phase Three employs a structural perspective, using organizational-design theory, to the VEO in its mature form. Conclusions are drawn, based on deterrence theory, for each stage in the VEO's evolution. This research provides a foundation by which policy and strategy makers may gain insight into the seams, gaps, strengths, and weakness of VEOs as they change over time, and where deterrent strategies may be applied to advantage.

CHAPTER I - THE EVOLUTION OF A VIOLENT, EXTREMIST ORGANIZATION * A. THE RATIONALE FOR A NEW APPROACH * B. A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR DETERRENCE * C. METHODOLOGY * D. ORGANIZATION * CHAPTER II - THE EVOLUTIONARY GROWTH-PROCESS MODEL * A. DETERRENCE THEORY * 1. The Question of Deterring VEOs * 2. The Three Pillars of Action * a. Rational Self-interest * b. Motivation * c. Communication * 3. The Two Categories of Deterrence * a. Deterrence by Punishment * b. Deterrence by Denial * 4. Compellence and Coercive Diplomacy * B. THE LOGIC OF DETERRENCE UNDERSTOOD AT EACH PHASE * 1. Phase One: Culture and Context * 2. Phase Two: Social-Movement Theory * a. Definitions * b. The Political-Process Model * 3. Phase Three: Organizational-Design Theory * a. Organizational Design * b. The Open-Systems Model * c. Organizational Structure * CHAPTER III - SOMALIA: CULTURE AND CONTEXT * A. CULTURE * 1. Kinship * 2. Pastoral Nomadism * 3. Islam and Ancestral Pride * 4. Hostility Toward External Influences * 5. A Global Network * 6. Opportunism * B. SOMALI HISTORY * 1. Early History * 2. Middle History * 3. Late History * 4. Al-Shabaab * CHAPTER IV - PHASE ONE: CONTEXT APPLICATION * A. DETERRENCE * 1. Problems in Phase-One Deterrence * 2. Costs and Benefits * CHAPTER V - PHASE TWO: SOCIAL MOVEMENT THEORY APPLICATION * A. TYPES OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL MOVEMENTS * B. SOMALIA ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS * C. SOCIAL-MOVEMENT THEORY * 1. Broad Socioeconomic Processes * 2. Political Opportunity * 3. Indigenous Organizational Strength * a. Membership * b. Communication-Network infrastructure * c. Incentives * d. Leadership * 4. Cognitive Liberation * D. DETERRENCE * CHAPTER VI - PHASE THREE: ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN APPLICATION * A. OPEN SYSTEMS * B. STRUCTURE * C. DETERRENCE * 1. Macro-Level Strategies * 2. Micro-Level Strategies * CHAPTER VII - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS * LIST OF REFERENCE

More books from Progressive Management

Cover of the book 2011 Essential Guide to Health and Medical Issues Involving Natural Disasters: Official Information for Individuals and Businesses on Dealing with Floods, Hurricanes, and other Emergencies by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disorder (CMT) Sourcebook: Clinical Data for Patients, Families, and Physicians - Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy (HMSN) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Essential Guide to Transnistria and the Transniestrian Contest in Moldova: Russia, NATO, European Union, Ukraine, OSCE, "Frozen" Conflict by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Prejudicial Counsel: A Multidimensional Study of Tactical Airpower Between the Korean and Vietnam Wars - Soviets, Atomic Weapons, Nuclear Options, Dropshot, ICBMs, Sputnik, F-100, F-101, F-104, F-105 by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Arms Control and European Security: Major Essays on the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Afghanistan by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Air Force Doctrine Document 3-59: Weather Operations - Principles, Air Force Combat Climatology Center (AFCCC), Space Weather Branch, History of Desert Storm and Operation Eagle Claw by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Anchor of Resolve: A History of U.S. Naval Forces Central Command / Fifth Fleet - NAVCENT, Desert Storm, Containing Iraq, Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom and the Iraq War, Global War on Terrorism by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Air Force Doctrine Document 3-01, Counterair Operations: USAF Command and Control, Counterair Planning, Execution, Assessment by Progressive Management
Cover of the book War of 1812: The Staff Ride Handbook for The Battles of New Orleans, 23 December 1814 - 8 January 1815 - British Army, Infantry, Opposing Naval Forces, Dragoons, Plains of Chalmette, Rodriguez Canal by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century Textbooks of Military Medicine - Military Medical Ethics (Two Volumes) - Foundations and Theories, Practical Examples, Nazi and Japanese Human Experiments (Emergency War Surgery Series) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book The Growth of Youth Gang Problems in the United States: Populations, Cities, Counties, Drugs, Immigration, Trends, Government Policies by Progressive Management
Cover of the book The Pentomic Era: The U.S. Army Between Korea and Vietnam - Eisenhower Era Battle over Military Strategy, Atomic Weapons, Battlefield Nuclear Bombs, General Maxwell Taylor, Nike Program by Progressive Management
Cover of the book NASA History Series: The Birth of NASA - The Diary of T. Keith Glennan, The First Years of America's Space Agency, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Saturn, Moon Landing, Communications Satellites (NASA SP-4105) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book The Rules of Defeat: The Impact of Aerial Rules of Engagement (ROE) on USAF Operations in North Vietnam, 1965-1968, Effect on Commanders and Aircrews, Rolling Thunder Bombing Mission Effectiveness by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Armies in Homeland Security: American and European Perspectives - Terrorism, UK Armed Forces, Germany's Military, NATO, Ukrainian, Romania, France, Hungary, Italy, Austria, Bulgaria, Soviet Legacy, EU by Progressive Management
We use our own "cookies" and third party cookies to improve services and to see statistical information. By using this website, you agree to our Privacy Policy