Phases of Violent Extremism: Targeting the Evolution of Al-Shabaab - Terrorism in Somalia and the Horn of Africa, Islamic Extremism, Kidnap for Ransom, Non-State Actors, Deterrence and Culture

Nonfiction, Social & Cultural Studies, Political Science
Cover of the book Phases of Violent Extremism: Targeting the Evolution of Al-Shabaab - Terrorism in Somalia and the Horn of Africa, Islamic Extremism, Kidnap for Ransom, Non-State Actors, Deterrence and Culture by Progressive Management, Progressive Management
View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart
Author: Progressive Management ISBN: 9781370548026
Publisher: Progressive Management Publication: November 22, 2016
Imprint: Smashwords Edition Language: English
Author: Progressive Management
ISBN: 9781370548026
Publisher: Progressive Management
Publication: November 22, 2016
Imprint: Smashwords Edition
Language: English

This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The events of September 11, 2001, and the reactions that followed sparked a surge in international terrorist organizations, resulting in increased threat to U.S. national security. Although military operations have had some short-term successes against violent, extremist organizations (VEOs), they are an insufficient long-term counter-extremism strategy. It is apparent that a new approach and new way of analysis are necessary. We examine the problem by focusing on Al-Shabaab, a VEO in Somalia, with attention to its stages of development. Using unclassified sources, we apply three theoretical frameworks to determine whether deterrence might be effective as a countervailing strategy at each stage. For Phase One, beginning before the organization's establishment, we look at historical and cultural context. Phase Two analyzes formation and growth from the perspective of social-movement theory, and Phase Three employs a structural perspective, using organizational-design theory, to the VEO in its mature form. Conclusions are drawn, based on deterrence theory, for each stage in the VEO's evolution. This research provides a foundation by which policy and strategy makers may gain insight into the seams, gaps, strengths, and weakness of VEOs as they change over time, and where deterrent strategies may be applied to advantage.

CHAPTER I - THE EVOLUTION OF A VIOLENT, EXTREMIST ORGANIZATION * A. THE RATIONALE FOR A NEW APPROACH * B. A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR DETERRENCE * C. METHODOLOGY * D. ORGANIZATION * CHAPTER II - THE EVOLUTIONARY GROWTH-PROCESS MODEL * A. DETERRENCE THEORY * 1. The Question of Deterring VEOs * 2. The Three Pillars of Action * a. Rational Self-interest * b. Motivation * c. Communication * 3. The Two Categories of Deterrence * a. Deterrence by Punishment * b. Deterrence by Denial * 4. Compellence and Coercive Diplomacy * B. THE LOGIC OF DETERRENCE UNDERSTOOD AT EACH PHASE * 1. Phase One: Culture and Context * 2. Phase Two: Social-Movement Theory * a. Definitions * b. The Political-Process Model * 3. Phase Three: Organizational-Design Theory * a. Organizational Design * b. The Open-Systems Model * c. Organizational Structure * CHAPTER III - SOMALIA: CULTURE AND CONTEXT * A. CULTURE * 1. Kinship * 2. Pastoral Nomadism * 3. Islam and Ancestral Pride * 4. Hostility Toward External Influences * 5. A Global Network * 6. Opportunism * B. SOMALI HISTORY * 1. Early History * 2. Middle History * 3. Late History * 4. Al-Shabaab * CHAPTER IV - PHASE ONE: CONTEXT APPLICATION * A. DETERRENCE * 1. Problems in Phase-One Deterrence * 2. Costs and Benefits * CHAPTER V - PHASE TWO: SOCIAL MOVEMENT THEORY APPLICATION * A. TYPES OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL MOVEMENTS * B. SOMALIA ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS * C. SOCIAL-MOVEMENT THEORY * 1. Broad Socioeconomic Processes * 2. Political Opportunity * 3. Indigenous Organizational Strength * a. Membership * b. Communication-Network infrastructure * c. Incentives * d. Leadership * 4. Cognitive Liberation * D. DETERRENCE * CHAPTER VI - PHASE THREE: ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN APPLICATION * A. OPEN SYSTEMS * B. STRUCTURE * C. DETERRENCE * 1. Macro-Level Strategies * 2. Micro-Level Strategies * CHAPTER VII - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS * LIST OF REFERENCE

View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart

This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The events of September 11, 2001, and the reactions that followed sparked a surge in international terrorist organizations, resulting in increased threat to U.S. national security. Although military operations have had some short-term successes against violent, extremist organizations (VEOs), they are an insufficient long-term counter-extremism strategy. It is apparent that a new approach and new way of analysis are necessary. We examine the problem by focusing on Al-Shabaab, a VEO in Somalia, with attention to its stages of development. Using unclassified sources, we apply three theoretical frameworks to determine whether deterrence might be effective as a countervailing strategy at each stage. For Phase One, beginning before the organization's establishment, we look at historical and cultural context. Phase Two analyzes formation and growth from the perspective of social-movement theory, and Phase Three employs a structural perspective, using organizational-design theory, to the VEO in its mature form. Conclusions are drawn, based on deterrence theory, for each stage in the VEO's evolution. This research provides a foundation by which policy and strategy makers may gain insight into the seams, gaps, strengths, and weakness of VEOs as they change over time, and where deterrent strategies may be applied to advantage.

CHAPTER I - THE EVOLUTION OF A VIOLENT, EXTREMIST ORGANIZATION * A. THE RATIONALE FOR A NEW APPROACH * B. A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR DETERRENCE * C. METHODOLOGY * D. ORGANIZATION * CHAPTER II - THE EVOLUTIONARY GROWTH-PROCESS MODEL * A. DETERRENCE THEORY * 1. The Question of Deterring VEOs * 2. The Three Pillars of Action * a. Rational Self-interest * b. Motivation * c. Communication * 3. The Two Categories of Deterrence * a. Deterrence by Punishment * b. Deterrence by Denial * 4. Compellence and Coercive Diplomacy * B. THE LOGIC OF DETERRENCE UNDERSTOOD AT EACH PHASE * 1. Phase One: Culture and Context * 2. Phase Two: Social-Movement Theory * a. Definitions * b. The Political-Process Model * 3. Phase Three: Organizational-Design Theory * a. Organizational Design * b. The Open-Systems Model * c. Organizational Structure * CHAPTER III - SOMALIA: CULTURE AND CONTEXT * A. CULTURE * 1. Kinship * 2. Pastoral Nomadism * 3. Islam and Ancestral Pride * 4. Hostility Toward External Influences * 5. A Global Network * 6. Opportunism * B. SOMALI HISTORY * 1. Early History * 2. Middle History * 3. Late History * 4. Al-Shabaab * CHAPTER IV - PHASE ONE: CONTEXT APPLICATION * A. DETERRENCE * 1. Problems in Phase-One Deterrence * 2. Costs and Benefits * CHAPTER V - PHASE TWO: SOCIAL MOVEMENT THEORY APPLICATION * A. TYPES OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL MOVEMENTS * B. SOMALIA ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS * C. SOCIAL-MOVEMENT THEORY * 1. Broad Socioeconomic Processes * 2. Political Opportunity * 3. Indigenous Organizational Strength * a. Membership * b. Communication-Network infrastructure * c. Incentives * d. Leadership * 4. Cognitive Liberation * D. DETERRENCE * CHAPTER VI - PHASE THREE: ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN APPLICATION * A. OPEN SYSTEMS * B. STRUCTURE * C. DETERRENCE * 1. Macro-Level Strategies * 2. Micro-Level Strategies * CHAPTER VII - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS * LIST OF REFERENCE

More books from Progressive Management

Cover of the book Crafting Flight: Aircraft Pioneers and the Contributions of the Men and Women of NASA Langley Research Center - NACA Aviation History, Apollo Moon Landing, Viking Mars, Jet Airplanes, Wind Tunnels by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century U.S. Military Documents: Civil Air Patrol - U.S. Air Force (CAP-USAF) Aircraft - Operations Procedures, Aircrew Evaluation Criteria, Aircrew Training Flying Operations by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Thailand in Perspective: Orientation Guide and Cultural Orientation: Geography, History, Economy, Society, Security, Religion, Thaksin Shinawatra, Military Coup, Military, U.S.-Thai Relations by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 2012 Navy Program Guide: Major Systems, Programs, Ships, Submarines, Aircraft, Carriers, Weapons, Electronics, Sensors, Surface Combatants, Expeditionary Forces, Data Systems - Bonus 2011 Edition by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Project Gemini Technology and Operations: A Chronology - Comprehensive Official History of the Pioneering Two-Man Missions Paving the Way for the Apollo Moon Landings (NASA SP-4002) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book U.S. Strategic Interests and Georgia's Prospects for NATO Membership: Russian Aggression in Georgia and Ukraine, Fear in Central and Eastern European Nations, Georgia Geostrategic Importance by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Ten Propositions Regarding Spacepower: Theories, Global Access and Presence, Coercive Force, Commercial Assets, Career-long Specialization, Weaponization, Central Control by Space Professional by Progressive Management
Cover of the book National Defense Intelligence College Paper: Intelligence in the Rum War at Sea, 1920-1933 - Prohibition and the Coast Guard, Volstead Act, Al Capone, Mafia, J. Edgar Hoover, FDR by Progressive Management
Cover of the book U.S. Marines in the Global War on Terrorism: U.S. Marines in Iraq, 2003: Basrah, Baghdad and Beyond - First Stage of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Kinetic Phase of the War to Topple Saddam Hussein by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Syria in Perspective: An Orientation Guide - History, Assad Years, Recent Events, Geography, Economy, Society, Security, Military and Terrorist Groups by Progressive Management
Cover of the book U.S. Fire Administration Technical Report Series Special Report: Fires Involving Medical Oxygen Equipment by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Fair Share or Freeride: Burden Sharing in Post-Cold War NATO – Analysis Showing that Most Members Contribute Effectively to Funding and Military Operations, Study of Bosnia, Kosovo, and Afghanistan by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Assessing the People's Liberation Army in the Hu Jintao Era: Nuclear Missile Policy, Propaganda, Suppression of Dissent, Cyberspace, Space, Veterans Grievances, New Historic Missions by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Sustaining Unconventional Warfare - Conventional Support for Special Operations Command (SOCOM) Forces, Case Studies of Historical Operations in France and Greece, Brigade Combat Teams (BCT) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century U.S. Military Documents: Army Military Intelligence History Sourcebook - Comprehensive History from George Washington to the Civil War, World War I and II, and Desert Storm by Progressive Management
We use our own "cookies" and third party cookies to improve services and to see statistical information. By using this website, you agree to our Privacy Policy